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Establish plantation in fertile, well draining soils using recommended spacing of 10ft by 5ft for optimum growth
Select healthy disease free vines, put in a shade for 2 weeks to wither and heal wounds before planting
Apply well decomposed manure or mulch placed away from stem base to protect roots and increase crop health
Trim shade trees to maximum of 20 looped vines for optimum air flow and increased light penetration
Keep orchard weed free by mulching, slashing and hand-weed around the plant base. Avoid damaging roots/stem base that would create fungus entry points
Avoid excessive mulching during rainy season. And mulch with materials that are easily decomposed
Avoid excessive manuring and use of fresh cow dung
Phytosanitation through removal of diseased plant parts is important for effective functioning of fungal biocontrol agents and other beneficial microorganisms
Monitoring
Inspect plantations once a week during rainy season and once in 2 weeks during dry season
Look out for rots at the vanilla plant base and on pods.
Look out for yellowing, gradual withering and rotting of the vanilla plant at the base
At advanced stages, rotting spots have cottony whitish growth usually at the stem base
Look out for whitish cottony growth on the shoot tips and pods
Apply chemical control measures once 20%-30% of mature plants begin to wilt/rot
Direct Control
Apply green direct controls when the disease coverage is less than 20% of the garden
Prune, collect and burn diseased vines to reduce inoculum sources
Use bleach to disinfect tools during pruning to minimize disease spread
Reduce mulch where its excessive
Use Trichoderma harzianum based products
Direct Control
Restrictions
Spray on leaves and around the root zone, with a spray interval of 15 days. For the above foliar direct controls, spray once in a month during dry period and twice a month during the wet season to protect your crop and prevent further spread of the fungus.
When using a pesticide or botanical, always wear protective clothing. WHO toxicity Class II products may not be allowed in local IPM schemes. Do not empty pesticides into drainage or water sources
Always refer to the recent updated Pesticide list by the Department of Crop Protection, MAAIF, Uganda
Read the product label and follow the dosage/application rates or consult a Plant Doctor (Agric. Officer) nearest to you.
Never apply a fungicide and a biocontrol agent simultaneously. Apply one 15 days after applying the other
Tebuconazole.
WHO class II (Moderately hazardous). Toxic to fish/aquatic organisms. Maximum number of treatment is four applications per year. PHI14 days. REI: 12 hours. FRAC 3DMI11. Systemic. Possibility of resistance.
Soil drench and spray the plants with 0.2% Copper oxychloride at 2-3 litres per plant
WHO class U (unlikely to present hazardous effects in normal use)
Spray with carbendazim (e.g. Bavistan)
WHO class III (slightly hazardous)
AUTHOR(S): Semakula Alex (Kayunga District Local Government), Winnifred Aool Opio (NARO)
CREATED/UPDATED: May 2017/November 2019/ September 2020 PRODUCED BY: Plantwise
